18, 2006) (holding that the complainant must first make a prima facie case that the respondent lacks rights and legitimate interests in the disputed domain name under UDRP ¶ 4(a)(ii) before the burden shifts to the respondent to show that it does have rights or legitimate interests in a domain name); see also AOL LLC v.
v. Aston, FA 593977 (Nat. Forum Dec. 28, 2005) (“Respondent is appropriating Complainant’s mark to divert Complainant’s customers to Respondent’s competing business. The Panel finds this diversion is evidence of bad faith registration and use pursuant to Policy ¶ 4(b)(iii).”).
Therefore, the Panel finds there is sufficient evidence to demonstrate Respondent has attempted to disrupt Complainant’s legitimate business in bad faith under Policy ¶ 4(b)(iii). As the CIALIS mark has garnered worldwide recognition in its brand and is a distinctive mark, Complainant contends that Respondent is presumably attempting to profit from Internet confusion as to the source, sponsorship, or affiliation between Complainant and Respondent, demonstrating Policy ¶ 4(b)(iv) bad faith. 23, 2009) found that the respondent’s selling of counterfeit products created the likelihood of confusion as to the complainant’s affiliation with the disputed domain name which allowed the respondent to profit from that confusion, demonstrating bad faith under Policy ¶ 4(b)(iv). Similarly, the Respondent here is alleged to make offerings of counterfeit products. The Panel finds that the offer of counterfeit and competing products constitutes bad faith attraction for commercial gain under Policy ¶ 4(b)(iv).
See MathForum.com, LLC v. Weiguang Huang, D2000-0743 (WIPO Aug. 17, 2000) (finding bad faith under Policy ¶ 4(b)(iv) where the respondent registered a domain name confusingly similar to the complainant’s mark and the domain name was used to host a commercial website that offered similar services offered by the complainant under its mark). Complainant asserts that, due to its extensive list of trademark registrations, Respondent must have had constructive knowledge of Complainant's rights in the CIALIS mark when Respondent registered the disputed domain names. Complainant further argues that Respondent’s sale of pharmaceutical products, some of which bear the distinctive CIALIS mark, and which are the same types of products offered by Complainant, indicate that Respondent had actual knowledge of Complainant and its rights. Gerberg, FA 780200 (Nat. Forum Sept.
25, 2006) (“Complainant must first make a prima facie showing that Respondent does not have rights or legitimate interest in the subject domain names, which burden is light. If Complainant satisfies its burden, then the burden shifts to Respondent to show that it does have rights or legitimate interests in the subject domain names.”). Complainant claims Respondent has no rights or legitimate interests in the disputed domain names. Complainant contends that Respondent is not commonly known by the disputed domain names, nor has it gained any permission from Complainant to register the CIALIS mark in any way. Because Respondent has submitted no additional evidence for the Panel’s consideration, and in light of the available WHOIS information, the Panel finds there is no basis to determine that Respondent is commonly known by the disputed domain names under Policy ¶ 4(c)(ii). Forum Dec. 7, 2006) (finding that the respondent failed to establish rights and legitimate interests in the
| Product | Dosage | Quantity + Bonus | Price | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cialis Generic | 2.5mg | 90 + 6 Pills | 112.43€ 107.08€ | |
| Cialis Original | 20mg | 48 + 4 Pills | 224.69€ 213.99€ | |
| Cialis Generic | 60mg | 90 + 6 Pills | 196.67€ 187.30€ | |
| Cialis Generic | 10mg | 360 + 10 Pills | 388.49€ 369.99€ | |
| Cialis Generic | 10mg | 90 + 6 Pills | 146.17€ 139.21€ | |
| Cialis Super Active | 20mg | 30 + 6 Pills | 128.09€ 121.99€ | |
| Cialis Generic | 40mg | 360 + 10 Pills | 477.87€ 455.11€ | |
| Cialis Generic | 60mg | 360 + 10 Pills | 570.52€ 543.35€ | |
| Cialis Generic | 20mg | 10 Pills | 31.49€ 29.99€ | |
| Cialis Generic | 5mg | 20 Pills | 41.99€ 39.99€ | |
| Cialis Black | 80mg | 120 + 8 Pills | 264.77€ 252.16€ | |
| Cialis Generic | 10mg | 270 + 10 Pills | 308.71€ 294.01€ | |
| Cialis Professional | 40mg | 180 + 4 Pills | 618.23€ 588.79€ | |
| Cialis Super Active | 20mg | 120 + 16 Pills | 382.15€ 363.95€ |
Panels have found such use is bad faith disruption under the Policy.
Forum Nov. 30, 2007) (concluding that the sale of counterfeit products is evidence that the respondent does not make a bona fide offering of goods or services or a legitimate noncommercial or fair use of a disputed domain name); see also Alcon, Inc. v. ARanked, FA 1306493 (Nat. 18, 2010) (“The Panel finds that capitalizing on the well-known marks of Complainant by attracting internet users to its disputed domain names where Respondent sells competing products of Complainant is not a bona fide offering of goods or services pursuant to Policy ¶ 4(c)(i) or a noncommercial or fair use pursuant to Policy ¶ 4(c)(iii).”).
The Panel finds that Respondent’s use of the resolving sites are not a bona fide offering of a good or service per Policy ¶ 4(c)(i), or a legitimate noncommercial or fair use under Policy ¶ 4(c)(iii). As 392 disputed domain names have been registered by Respondent in the present case, there is evidence that Respondent has engaged in a bad faith pattern of domain name registrations under Policy ¶ 4(b)(ii). See Time Warner Entertainment Company, L.P. v. HarperStephens, D2000-1254 (WIPO Dec.
13, 2000), in which the panel found a respondent’s registration of over 100 domain names was sufficient to constitute a pattern of such conduct. The Panel therefore finds that the number of disputed domain names incorporating the CIALIS mark supports a finding of bad faith per Policy ¶ 4(b)(ii). Complainant argues that as the resolving webpage to all the disputed domain names purport to sell counterfeit or competing products of Complainant, and such use constitutes bad faith disruption per Policy ¶ 4(b)(iii). Panels have found such use is bad faith disruption under the Policy. 5, 2008) (concluding that the complainant’s business is disrupted by the respondent’s registration and use of the disputed domain name for the purpose of selling counterfeit products); see also DatingDirect.com Ltd. 5, 2008) (concluding that the complainant’s business is disrupted by the respondent’s registration and use of the disputed domain name for the purpose of selling counterfeit products); see also DatingDirect.com Ltd. v. Aston, FA 593977 (Nat. Forum Dec. 28, 2005) (“Respondent is appropriating Complainant’s mark to divert Complainant’s customers to Respondent’s competing business.
According to market research firm ImpactRx™ (which tracks the habits of a panel of high prescribing physicians and may reflect emerging trends in doctors’ offices today)4, U.S. urologists initiated treatment with Cialis in April at a rate of more than two-to-one over each of the other oral ED treatments. In fact, Cialis represented 56 percent of new treatment initiations by urologists in April, compared to 21 percent for Levitra (vardenafil HCl)5 and 23 percent for Viagra.6 Based on data from IMS, another source of market information, in April, Cialis represented 30 percent of new ED treatment prescriptions written by urologists, compared to 16 percent for Levitra and 54 percent for Viagra.7 In April, nearly two thirds of all men who switched their oral ED treatment switched to Cialis. Following is information from ImpactRx™ on share of new prescriptions written in April by doctors changing their patients' ED treatment from product to another. In an independent clinical study, more men selected Cialis as their preferred treatment of choice after trying different oral ED medications, primarily because of how long the drug worked.8 This may explain why many men with ED who are on oral treatment are switching to Cialis. The Panel finds this diversion is evidence of bad faith registration and use pursuant to Policy ¶ 4(b)(iii).”). Therefore, the Panel finds there is sufficient evidence to demonstrate Respondent has attempted to disrupt Complainant’s legitimate business in bad faith under Policy ¶ 4(b)(iii). As the CIALIS mark has garnered worldwide recognition in its brand and is a distinctive mark, Complainant contends that Respondent is presumably attempting to profit from Internet confusion as to the source, sponsorship, or affiliation between Complainant and Respondent, demonstrating Policy ¶ 4(b)(iv) bad faith. 23, 2009) found that the respondent’s selling of counterfeit products created the likelihood of confusion as to the complainant’s affiliation with the disputed domain name which allowed the respondent to profit from that confusion, demonstrating bad faith under Policy ¶ 4(b)(iv). Similarly, the Respondent here is alleged to make offerings of counterfeit products.
18, 2006) (holding that the complainant must first make a prima facie case that the respondent lacks rights and legitimate interests in the disputed domain name under UDRP ¶ 4(a)(ii) before the burden shifts to the respondent to show that it does have rights or legitimate interests in a domain name); see also AOL LLC v. Gerberg, FA 780200 (Nat. Forum Sept. 25, 2006) (“Complainant must first make a prima facie showing that Respondent does not have rights or legitimate interest in the subject domain names, which burden is light. If Complainant satisfies its burden, then the burden shifts to Respondent to show that it does have rights or legitimate interests in the subject domain names.”).
Complainant claims Respondent has no rights or legitimate interests in the disputed domain names. Complainant contends that Respondent is not commonly known by the disputed domain names, nor has it gained any permission from Complainant to register the CIALIS mark in any way. Because Respondent has submitted no additional evidence for the Panel’s consideration, and in light of the available WHOIS information, the Panel finds there is no basis to determine that Respondent is commonly known by the disputed domain names under Policy ¶ 4(c)(ii). Forum Dec. 7, 2006) (finding that the respondent failed to establish rights and legitimate interests in the
Complainant asserts that Respondent is not making use of the disputed domain names for any bona fide offering of goods or services or for any legitimate noncommercial or fair use. Instead, all pages resolve to the
See MathForum.com, LLC v. Weiguang Huang, D2000-0743 (WIPO Aug. 17, 2000) (finding bad faith under Policy ¶ 4(b)(iv) where the respondent registered a domain name confusingly similar to the complainant’s mark and the domain name was used to host a commercial website that offered similar services offered by the complainant under its mark). Complainant asserts that, due to its extensive list of trademark registrations, Respondent must have had constructive knowledge of Complainant's rights in the CIALIS mark when Respondent registered the disputed domain names.
Complainant further argues that Respondent’s sale of pharmaceutical products, some of which bear the distinctive CIALIS mark, and which are the same types of products offered by Complainant, indicate that Respondent had actual knowledge of Complainant and its rights. Panels have held that constructive knowledge is not buy cheap cialis online enough evidence of bad faith.
Panels have held that constructive knowledge is not buy cheap cialis online enough evidence of bad faith. See Custom Modular Direct LLC v. Custom Modular Homes Inc., FA 1140580 (Nat. 8, 2008) ("There is no place for constructive notice under the Policy."). However the Panel agrees with Complainant regarding Respondent's actual knowledge, and concludes that Respondent registered the disputed domain names in bad faith according to Policy ¶ 4(a)(iii).
See Immigration Equality v. Brent, FA 1103571 (Nat. Forum Jan. 11, 2008) ("That Respondent proceeded to register a domain name identical to, and with prior knowledge of Complainant's mark is sufficient to prove bad faith registration and use under Policy ¶ 4(a)(iii)."). Complainant having established all three elements required under the ICANN Policy, the Panel concludes that relief shall be GRANTED.
Click Here to return to the main Domain Decisions Page. Click Here to return to our Home Page This release was issued by Lilly ICOS LLC Cialis Leads Market in New Treatment Initiations and Switches for April After only six months, Cialis® (tadalafil)1, the latest oral erectile dysfunction (ED) treatment on the market in the U.S., is challenging Viagra® (sildenafil citrate)2for share of the ED market as Cialis leads in new treatment initiations by urologists3 and switches from other products for April. Cialis is marketed by Lilly ICOS LLC, a joint venture between Eli Lilly and Company (NYSE: LLY) and ICOS Corporation (Nasdaq: ICOS). Cialis is the only ED treatment shown to improve erectile function up to 36 hours in most men. Cialis can be taken without regard to food. See Custom Modular Direct LLC v. Custom Modular Homes Inc., FA 1140580 (Nat. 8, 2008) ("There is no place for constructive notice under the Policy."). However the Panel agrees with Complainant regarding Respondent's actual knowledge, and concludes that Respondent registered the disputed domain names in bad faith according to Policy ¶ 4(a)(iii). See Immigration Equality v. Brent, FA 1103571 (Nat. Forum Jan. 11, 2008) ("That Respondent proceeded to register a domain name identical to, and with prior knowledge of Complainant's mark is sufficient to prove bad faith registration and use under Policy ¶ 4(a)(iii).").
Complainant having established all three elements required under the ICANN Policy, the Panel concludes that relief shall be GRANTED. Click Here to return to the main Domain Decisions Page. Click Here to return to our Home Page This release was issued by Lilly ICOS LLC Cialis Leads Market in New Treatment Initiations and Switches for April After only six months, Cialis® (tadalafil)1, the latest oral erectile dysfunction (ED) treatment on the market in the U.S., is challenging Viagra® (sildenafil citrate)2for share of the ED market as Cialis leads in new treatment initiations by urologists3 and switches from other products for April. Cialis is marketed by Lilly ICOS LLC, a joint venture between Eli Lilly and Company (NYSE: LLY) and ICOS Corporation (Nasdaq: ICOS). Cialis is the only ED treatment shown to improve erectile function up to 36 hours in most men.
| Country | Status | Approved Date | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| United States | FDA Approved | 2003 | For erectile dysfunction |
| European Union | EMA Approved | 2004 | Marketed under "Cialis" |
| Canada | Health Canada Approval | 2003 | Prescribed for ED |
| Australia | TGA Approved | 2003 | Available via prescription |
Cialis can be taken without regard to food. According to market research firm ImpactRx™ (which tracks the habits of a panel of high prescribing physicians and may reflect emerging trends in doctors’ offices today)4, U.S.
The percentages of new prescriptions written by all doctors for oral ED treatments in April broke out as follows: Cialis, 19 percent; Levitra, 14 percent; and Viagra, 67 percent.9 "The early success of Cialis in the U.S. is similar to the trend we saw when it first became available in other countries. Cialis has claimed market shares of 19 percent to 39 percent across Europe, and even higher in some other markets," said Leonard Blum, vice president of marketing, ICOS Corporation. In the first quarter of 2004, Cialis achieved $108 million in global sales. urologists initiated treatment with Cialis in April at a rate of more than two-to-one over each of the other oral ED treatments. In fact, Cialis represented 56 percent of new treatment initiations by urologists in April, compared to 21 percent for Levitra (vardenafil HCl)5 and 23 percent for Viagra.6 Based on data from IMS, another source of market information, in April, Cialis represented 30 percent of new ED treatment prescriptions written by urologists, compared to 16 percent for Levitra and 54 percent for Viagra.7 In April, nearly two thirds of all men who switched their oral ED treatment switched to Cialis. Following is information from ImpactRx™ on share of new prescriptions written in April by doctors changing their patients' ED treatment from product to another. In an independent clinical study, more men selected Cialis as their preferred treatment of choice after trying different oral ED medications, primarily because of how long the drug worked.8 This may explain why many men with ED who are on oral treatment are switching to Cialis.
| Side Effect | Frequency | Severity | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Headache | Common | Mild | Usually resolves quickly |
| Dyspepsia ( indigestion) | Common | Mild | Gastrointestinal discomfort |
| Back Pain | Less common | Moderate | Usually temporary |
| Muscle Pain | Less common | Mild | May occur during treatment |
| Flushing | Common | Mild | Skin reddening effect |
The percentages of new prescriptions written by all doctors for oral ED treatments in April broke out as follows: Cialis, 19 percent; Levitra, 14 percent; and Viagra, 67 percent.9 "The early success of Cialis in the U.S. is similar to the trend we saw when it first became available in other countries. Cialis has claimed market shares of 19 percent to 39 percent across Europe, and even higher in some other markets," said Leonard Blum, vice president of marketing, ICOS Corporation. In the first quarter of 2004, Cialis achieved $108 million in global sales.